What was the name of the 1961–1962 campaign to desegregate interstate travel by bus and train?

• A. March on Washington
• B. Selma to Montgomery March
• C. Freedom Rides
• D. Civil Rights Movement

Answer: (C)

The idea this question tests is recognizing a specific nonviolent campaign that challenged segregation in interstate travel during the early 1960s. The campaign was the Freedom Rides, conducted from 1961 into 1962. Organizers from CORE (and later support from SNCC) assembled interracial groups to ride buses and trains through the South to test and push compliance with state and federal desegregation laws and Supreme Court rulings that interstate travel facilities should be integrated. The rides drew violent reactions in several places, which helped spur federal action to enforce desegregation and brought national attention to the civil rights cause.

The other options refer to different events or the broader movement: the March on Washington happened in 1963 and focused on jobs and freedom; the Selma to Montgomery March occurred in 1965, centering on voting rights; and the Civil Rights Movement is the broader effort, not a single campaign.